Star system
Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10
Economy
Colony / Extraction
Government
Cooperative
Allegiance
Independent
Star type
Class K star Scoopable
Coordinates
75.44 / -142.38 / -125.78
Permit required
No
Powerplay
Unoccupied
Powers
︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 - Class K star
Body distance-Solar masses0.5547Solar radius0.6281︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 1 - Metal-rich body Landable
Body distance11 LsEarth masses0.0002Radius316 kmGravity0.08 gSurface temperature1,030 K (756°C/1,393°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Antimony: 1.4%︎ Molybdenum: 2.5%︎ Tungsten: 2.1%︎ Germanium: 1.8%︎ Manganese: 15.8%︎ Vanadium: 9.4%︎ Iron: 38.2%︎ Nickel: 28.9%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 2 - High metal content world Landable
Body distance14 LsEarth masses0.0008Radius603 kmGravity0.08 gSurface temperature904 K (631°C/1,167°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Polonium: 0.7%︎ Molybdenum: 1.5%︎ Tungsten: 1.3%︎ Vanadium: 5.8%︎ Zinc: 6.4%︎ Zirconium: 2.8%︎ Carbon: 14.1%︎ Iron: 23.7%︎ Nickel: 17.9%︎ Phosphorus: 9.0%︎ Sulphur: 16.7%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 3 - High metal content world Landable
Body distance18 LsEarth masses0.0004Radius501 kmGravity0.07 gSurface temperature798 K (525°C/977°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Antimony: 1.0%︎ Molybdenum: 1.5%︎ Tungsten: 1.3%︎ Manganese: 9.4%︎ Vanadium: 5.6%︎ Zirconium: 2.7%︎ Carbon: 13.6%︎ Iron: 22.9%︎ Nickel: 17.3%︎ Phosphorus: 8.7%︎ Sulphur: 16.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 4 - High metal content world Landable
Body distance23 LsEarth masses0.1093Radius3,059 kmGravity0.48 gSurface temperature707 K (434°C/813°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Antimony: 1.0%︎ Selenium: 2.5%︎ Cadmium: 1.8%︎ Niobium: 1.5%︎ Manganese: 9.4%︎ Zinc: 6.2%︎ Carbon: 13.4%︎ Iron: 22.6%︎ Nickel: 17.1%︎ Phosphorus: 8.6%︎ Sulphur: 15.9%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 4 a - Rocky body Landable
Body distance23 LsEarth masses0.0015Radius800 kmGravity0.10 gSurface temperature707 K (434°C/813°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMajor Silicate vapour geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 1.4%︎ Mercury: 0.9%︎ Molybdenum: 1.3%︎ Arsenic: 2.3%︎ Chromium: 8.9%︎ Manganese: 8.2%︎ Carbon: 14.9%︎ Iron: 19.9%︎ Nickel: 15.0%︎ Phosphorus: 9.5%︎ Sulphur: 17.7%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 5 - High metal content world Landable
Body distance28 LsEarth masses0.0634Radius2,572 kmGravity0.39 gSurface temperature641 K (368°C/694°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Technetium: 0.8%︎ Cadmium: 1.7%︎ Niobium: 1.5%︎ Germanium: 4.6%︎ Manganese: 9.2%︎ Zinc: 6.0%︎ Carbon: 13.2%︎ Iron: 22.2%︎ Nickel: 16.8%︎ Phosphorus: 8.4%︎ Sulphur: 15.7%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 6 - High metal content world Landable
Body distance46 LsEarth masses1.0984Radius6,250 kmGravity1.14 gSurface temperature500 K (227°C/440°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMinor Silicate vapour geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Yttrium: 1.3%︎ Mercury: 0.9%︎ Molybdenum: 1.4%︎ Chromium: 9.5%︎ Manganese: 8.7%︎ Zinc: 5.7%︎ Carbon: 12.5%︎ Iron: 21.1%︎ Nickel: 16.0%︎ Phosphorus: 8.0%︎ Sulphur: 14.9%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 7 - High metal content world Landable
Body distance54 LsEarth masses0.9845Radius6,050 kmGravity1.09 gSurface temperature461 K (188°C/371°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Selenium: 2.5%︎ Yttrium: 1.3%︎ Cadmium: 1.7%︎ Tungsten: 1.2%︎ Chromium: 10.1%︎ Zinc: 6.1%︎ Carbon: 13.3%︎ Iron: 22.4%︎ Nickel: 17.0%︎ Phosphorus: 8.5%︎ Sulphur: 15.8%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 8 - High metal content world
Body distance65 LsEarth masses0.9779Radius6,038 kmGravity1.09 gSurface temperature447 K (174°C/345°F)Surface pressure1.61 atmVolcanismAtmosphereSulphur dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 9 - High metal content world
Body distance91 LsEarth masses5.5589Radius9,879 kmGravity2.31 gSurface temperature1,314 K (1,040°C/1,905°F)Surface pressure757.49 atmVolcanismMajor Silicate vapour geysersAtmosphereHot Thick Carbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 10 - High metal content world
Body distance111 LsEarth masses4.3839Radius9,271 kmGravity2.07 gSurface temperature1,158 K (885°C/1,625°F)Surface pressure607.30 atmVolcanismMajor Silicate vapour geysersAtmosphereHot Thick Carbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 11 - High metal content world
Body distance146 LsEarth masses8.4852Radius10,992 kmGravity2.85 gSurface temperature1,091 K (818°C/1,505°F)Surface pressure1,138.20 atmVolcanismMajor Silicate vapour geysersAtmosphereHot Thick Carbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 11 a - Rocky body
Body distance147 LsEarth masses0.3418Radius4,616 kmGravity0.65 gSurface temperature445 K (172°C/341°F)Surface pressure1.15 atmVolcanismAtmosphereSulphur dioxideTerraformingTerraformable︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 12 - Rocky ice world
Body distance376 LsRing/belt typeRocky (Pristine)Earth masses13.2120Radius16,814 kmGravity1.90 gSurface temperature2,011 K (1,738°C/3,160°F)Surface pressure1,795,282.51 atmVolcanismWater geysersAtmosphereHot Thick WaterTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 14 - Icy body
Body distance763 LsEarth masses5.1252Radius12,419 kmGravity1.35 gSurface temperature645 K (372°C/701°F)Surface pressure21,611.05 atmVolcanismMajor Water geysersAtmosphereHot Thick Methane-richTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 15 - Icy body
Body distance767 LsEarth masses2.6309Radius10,315 kmGravity1.00 gSurface temperature147 K (-126°C/-195°F)Surface pressure640.36 atmVolcanismMajor Water geysersAtmosphereThick Argon-richTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 13 - Class I gas giant
Body distance768 LsRing/belt typeIcy (Pristine)Earth masses21.8072Radius21,833 kmGravity1.86 gSurface temperature121 K (-152°C/-242°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 13 c - Icy body Landable
Body distance764 LsEarth masses0.0002Radius503 kmGravity0.03 gSurface temperature108 K (-165°C/-265°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismCarbon dioxide geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Yttrium: 0.8%︎ Cadmium: 1.0%︎ Tin: 0.8%︎ Germanium: 3.7%︎ Manganese: 5.3%︎ Zinc: 3.5%︎ Carbon: 22.0%︎ Iron: 12.9%︎ Nickel: 9.8%︎ Phosphorus: 14.1%︎ Sulphur: 26.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 13 d - Icy body Landable
Body distance764 LsEarth masses0.0002Radius538 kmGravity0.03 gSurface temperature108 K (-165°C/-265°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMinor Carbon dioxide geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 1.0%︎ Mercury: 0.6%︎ Tungsten: 0.7%︎ Chromium: 5.8%︎ Germanium: 3.7%︎ Vanadium: 3.2%︎ Carbon: 22.0%︎ Iron: 13.0%︎ Nickel: 9.8%︎ Phosphorus: 14.1%︎ Sulphur: 26.2%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 13 e - Icy body Landable
Body distance765 LsEarth masses0.0002Radius475 kmGravity0.03 gSurface temperature108 K (-165°C/-265°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Selenium: 4.1%︎ Technetium: 0.5%︎ Mercury: 0.6%︎ Niobium: 0.9%︎ Germanium: 3.7%︎ Manganese: 5.3%︎ Carbon: 22.0%︎ Iron: 12.9%︎ Nickel: 9.8%︎ Phosphorus: 14.1%︎ Sulphur: 26.2%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 13 a - Icy body Landable
Body distance765 LsEarth masses0.0003Radius550 kmGravity0.03 gSurface temperature108 K (-165°C/-265°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMajor Water geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 0.9%︎ Cadmium: 1.0%︎ Molybdenum: 0.8%︎ Chromium: 5.7%︎ Germanium: 3.6%︎ Manganese: 5.2%︎ Carbon: 21.4%︎ Iron: 12.6%︎ Nickel: 9.5%︎ Phosphorus: 13.7%︎ Sulphur: 25.5%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 13 b - Icy body Landable
Body distance768 LsEarth masses0.0002Radius507 kmGravity0.03 gSurface temperature108 K (-165°C/-265°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMajor Water geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 1.0%︎ Cadmium: 1.0%︎ Niobium: 0.9%︎ Germanium: 3.7%︎ Manganese: 5.3%︎ Zinc: 3.5%︎ Carbon: 21.9%︎ Iron: 12.9%︎ Nickel: 9.7%︎ Phosphorus: 14.0%︎ Sulphur: 26.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 16 - Icy body
Body distance1,052 LsEarth masses1.2205Radius8,642 kmGravity0.66 gSurface temperature347 K (74°C/166°F)Surface pressure2,387.77 atmVolcanismCarbon dioxide geysersAtmosphereThick Methane-richTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 18 - Icy body
Body distance1,369 LsEarth masses15.4365Radius16,610 kmGravity2.27 gSurface temperature98 K (-175°C/-283°F)Surface pressure4.38 atmVolcanismWater geysersAtmosphereHeliumTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 - Class III gas giant
Body distance1,450 LsRing/belt typeMetal rich (Pristine)
Rocky (Pristine)Earth masses1,954.8000Radius73,130 kmGravity14.86 gSurface temperature478 K (204°C/400°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 f - Rocky ice world Landable
Body distance1,438 LsEarth masses0.0115Radius1,665 kmGravity0.17 gSurface temperature109 K (-165°C/-264°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Ruthenium: 1.1%︎ Cadmium: 1.3%︎ Tungsten: 1.0%︎ Chromium: 7.8%︎ Manganese: 7.2%︎ Zirconium: 2.0%︎ Carbon: 17.4%︎ Iron: 17.4%︎ Nickel: 13.1%︎ Phosphorus: 11.1%︎ Sulphur: 20.7%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 e - Rocky ice world Landable
Body distance1,444 LsEarth masses0.0074Radius1,442 kmGravity0.14 gSurface temperature112 K (-161°C/-258°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Antimony: 1.1%︎ Cadmium: 1.4%︎ Mercury: 0.8%︎ Arsenic: 2.4%︎ Germanium: 5.3%︎ Vanadium: 4.5%︎ Carbon: 18.4%︎ Iron: 18.4%︎ Nickel: 13.9%︎ Phosphorus: 11.8%︎ Sulphur: 21.9%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 d - Rocky body Landable
Body distance1,447 LsEarth masses0.0030Radius1,015 kmGravity0.12 gSurface temperature163 K (-110°C/-166°F)Surface pressure0.03 atmVolcanismAtmosphereThin Carbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Selenium: 3.0%︎ Yttrium: 1.2%︎ Mercury: 0.9%︎ Molybdenum: 1.3%︎ Chromium: 8.8%︎ Zinc: 5.3%︎ Carbon: 16.0%︎ Iron: 19.6%︎ Nickel: 14.8%︎ Phosphorus: 10.2%︎ Sulphur: 19.0%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 b - Rocky body Landable
Body distance1,451 LsEarth masses0.0031Radius1,027 kmGravity0.12 gSurface temperature151 K (-122°C/-188°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 1.4%︎ Niobium: 1.3%︎ Tin: 1.1%︎ Chromium: 8.3%︎ Manganese: 7.6%︎ Zinc: 5.0%︎ Carbon: 15.1%︎ Iron: 18.5%︎ Nickel: 14.0%︎ Phosphorus: 9.7%︎ Sulphur: 18.0%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 c - Rocky body
Body distance1,452 LsEarth masses0.0049Radius1,192 kmGravity0.14 gSurface temperature253 K (-20°C/-3°F)Surface pressure1.41 atmVolcanismAtmosphereCarbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 17 a - Rocky body
Body distance1,453 LsEarth masses0.0063Radius1,293 kmGravity0.15 gSurface temperature162 K (-111°C/-168°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMajor Rocky magmaAtmosphereSulphur dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 19 - Class III gas giant
Body distance1,804 LsEarth masses1,215.0600Radius75,580 kmGravity8.65 gSurface temperature293 K (20°C/68°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 19 c - Icy body Landable
Body distance1,795 LsEarth masses0.0183Radius2,300 kmGravity0.14 gSurface temperature90 K (-183°C/-297°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 0.9%︎ Mercury: 0.5%︎ Tungsten: 0.7%︎ Chromium: 5.4%︎ Manganese: 5.0%︎ Vanadium: 3.0%︎ Carbon: 22.4%︎ Iron: 12.0%︎ Nickel: 9.1%︎ Phosphorus: 14.4%︎ Sulphur: 26.7%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 19 b - Icy body Landable
Body distance1,806 LsEarth masses0.0080Radius1,712 kmGravity0.11 gSurface temperature99 K (-174°C/-281°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 1.0%︎ Mercury: 0.6%︎ Niobium: 0.9%︎ Chromium: 5.9%︎ Germanium: 3.7%︎ Manganese: 5.4%︎ Carbon: 21.1%︎ Iron: 13.1%︎ Nickel: 9.9%︎ Phosphorus: 13.5%︎ Sulphur: 25.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 19 a - Icy body Landable
Body distance1,806 LsEarth masses0.0096Radius1,813 kmGravity0.12 gSurface temperature103 K (-170°C/-275°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMajor Water magmaAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Yttrium: 0.8%︎ Molybdenum: 0.9%︎ Tungsten: 0.8%︎ Arsenic: 1.8%︎ Manganese: 5.6%︎ Zinc: 3.7%︎ Carbon: 22.1%︎ Iron: 13.7%︎ Nickel: 10.3%︎ Phosphorus: 14.1%︎ Sulphur: 26.2%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 19 d - Icy body Landable
Body distance1,816 LsEarth masses0.0114Radius1,970 kmGravity0.12 gSurface temperature87 K (-186°C/-303°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Yttrium: 0.7%︎ Mercury: 0.5%︎ Niobium: 0.8%︎ Germanium: 3.5%︎ Manganese: 5.1%︎ Vanadium: 3.0%︎ Carbon: 22.9%︎ Iron: 12.3%︎ Nickel: 9.3%︎ Phosphorus: 14.6%︎ Sulphur: 27.2%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 - Class III gas giant
Body distance2,576 LsRing/belt typeMetal rich (Pristine)
Rocky (Pristine)Earth masses2,434.2800Radius70,736 kmGravity19.77 gSurface temperature580 K (306°C/584°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 j - Icy body Landable
Body distance2,523 LsEarth masses0.0565Radius3,355 kmGravity0.20 gSurface temperature75 K (-198°C/-325°F)Surface pressure0.02 atmVolcanismAtmosphereThin ArgonTerraforming︎ Technetium: 0.4%︎ Niobium: 0.8%︎ Tin: 0.8%︎ Germanium: 3.2%︎ Vanadium: 3.0%︎ Zinc: 3.3%︎ Carbon: 23.6%︎ Iron: 12.3%︎ Nickel: 9.3%︎ Phosphorus: 15.1%︎ Sulphur: 28.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 h - Icy body Landable
Body distance2,567 LsEarth masses0.0165Radius2,222 kmGravity0.14 gSurface temperature92 K (-181°C/-295°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Ruthenium: 0.8%︎ Molybdenum: 0.8%︎ Tungsten: 0.7%︎ Arsenic: 1.6%︎ Manganese: 5.2%︎ Zinc: 3.4%︎ Carbon: 23.2%︎ Iron: 12.5%︎ Nickel: 9.5%︎ Phosphorus: 14.8%︎ Sulphur: 27.6%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 d - Rocky body
Body distance2,571 LsEarth masses0.0006Radius601 kmGravity0.07 gSurface temperature222 K (-51°C/-60°F)Surface pressure0.59 atmVolcanismAtmosphereCarbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 g - Icy body Landable
Body distance2,572 LsEarth masses0.0128Radius2,044 kmGravity0.12 gSurface temperature103 K (-170°C/-273°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Ruthenium: 0.8%︎ Molybdenum: 0.8%︎ Niobium: 0.8%︎ Germanium: 3.5%︎ Manganese: 5.1%︎ Vanadium: 3.0%︎ Carbon: 22.8%︎ Iron: 12.3%︎ Nickel: 9.3%︎ Phosphorus: 14.6%︎ Sulphur: 27.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 f - Rocky body Landable
Body distance2,573 LsEarth masses0.0006Radius580 kmGravity0.07 gSurface temperature127 K (-146°C/-231°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Technetium: 0.7%︎ Mercury: 0.8%︎ Molybdenum: 1.3%︎ Manganese: 8.0%︎ Vanadium: 4.8%︎ Zinc: 5.3%︎ Carbon: 15.9%︎ Iron: 19.4%︎ Nickel: 14.7%︎ Phosphorus: 10.2%︎ Sulphur: 18.9%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 c - Rocky body
Body distance2,574 LsEarth masses0.0007Radius618 kmGravity0.07 gSurface temperature248 K (-25°C/-13°F)Surface pressure0.98 atmVolcanismAtmosphereCarbon dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 b - Rocky body
Body distance2,576 LsEarth masses0.0004Radius517 kmGravity0.06 gSurface temperature159 K (-115°C/-174°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMajor Rocky magmaAtmosphereSulphur dioxideTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 a - Rocky body Landable
Body distance2,576 LsEarth masses0.0006Radius596 kmGravity0.07 gSurface temperature170 K (-103°C/-154°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismMinor Silicate vapour geysersAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Ruthenium: 1.1%︎ Mercury: 0.8%︎ Tin: 1.1%︎ Chromium: 8.3%︎ Germanium: 5.3%︎ Manganese: 7.7%︎ Carbon: 15.2%︎ Iron: 18.6%︎ Nickel: 14.0%︎ Phosphorus: 9.7%︎ Sulphur: 18.1%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 i - Icy body Landable
Body distance2,579 LsEarth masses0.0531Radius3,251 kmGravity0.20 gSurface temperature80 K (-193°C/-316°F)Surface pressure0.01 atmVolcanismAtmosphereThin ArgonTerraforming︎ Tellurium: 0.9%︎ Cadmium: 0.9%︎ Tin: 0.7%︎ Chromium: 5.4%︎ Germanium: 3.4%︎ Manganese: 4.9%︎ Carbon: 22.2%︎ Iron: 11.9%︎ Nickel: 9.0%︎ Phosphorus: 14.2%︎ Sulphur: 26.4%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 20 e - Rocky body Landable
Body distance2,581 LsEarth masses0.0016Radius828 kmGravity0.10 gSurface temperature133 K (-140°C/-220°F)Surface pressure0.00 atmVolcanismAtmosphereTerraforming︎ Technetium: 0.7%︎ Molybdenum: 1.3%︎ Niobium: 1.4%︎ Manganese: 8.3%︎ Vanadium: 4.9%︎ Zirconium: 2.3%︎ Carbon: 16.3%︎ Iron: 20.0%︎ Nickel: 15.1%︎ Phosphorus: 10.4%︎ Sulphur: 19.3%︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 21 - Icy body
Body distance3,453 LsEarth masses39.5876Radius20,162 kmGravity3.96 gSurface temperature55 K (-218°C/-361°F)Surface pressure8.02 atmVolcanismWater geysersAtmosphereThick HeliumTerraforming︎ Hyades Sector RI-T c3-10 21 a - Icy body
Body distance3,466 LsEarth masses1.3326Radius9,017 kmGravity0.67 gSurface temperature52 K (-221°C/-367°F)Surface pressure0.27 atmVolcanismCarbon dioxide geysersAtmosphereNeon-richTerraforming